Implementation of Interleaved Soft-Switching Boost Converter fed PMDC Motor System
R. Anushya1, R. Raja Prabu2
1Research Scholar, Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department,
Sathyabama University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
2Professor and Head in the Department of E.E.E, B.S. Abdur Rahman University, Chennai. Tamil Nadu, India.
*Corresponding Author Email: anra_75@ yahoo.com
ABSTRACT:
In this paper, a interleaved soft switching boost converter (ISSBC) is proposed. The topology used raises the efficiency for the ac/dc converter system, and it minimizes switching losses by adopting a resonant soft-switching method. Open loop and closed loop controlled interleaved boost converter fed PMDC motor systems are modeled and simulated. The results of open loop and closed loop systems are presented
KEY WORDS: Boost converter, interleaved, resonant converter, soft-switching.
I. INTRODUCTION:
Power Electronic (PE) converters are now being used in the processing of electrical energy in industrial applications such as adjustable speed drives, SMPSs, UPSs, etc. [1]. Therefore, the converters with high power factor are highly required in industries. Most of the PE systems which get connected to AC utility mains use diode rectifiers at the input. The nonlinear nature of diode rectifiers causes significant line current harmonic generation; thus, they degrade power quality, increase losses, failure of some crucial medical equipment, etc. Therefore, power factor correction (PFC) circuits are incorporated in PE systems. Earlier, to reduce rectifier-generated harmonics, expensive and bulky filter inductors and capacitors were installed, but they effectively eliminate only certain harmonics. The active power line conditioners are generally hard switched; hence, the components are subjected to high-voltage stresses which increases further with increase in the switching frequency. Also, hard switching results in low efficiency, large EMI, etc., This paper proposes a high efficiency AC/DC boost converter to increase the overall efficiency .The proposed single-switch type soft-switching boost converter minimizes switching loss by adopting a resonant soft-switching method. And, no additional switches are needed for soft switching [2]–[10]. Also, the proposed model reduces the input current ripple, output voltage ripple, and size of the passive components[11]–[23].
The proposed soft-switching interleaved boost converter not only exploits the interleaved converter but also reduce switching losses through the soft-switching technique. Therefore, the output power can be boosted with high efficiency. This paper presents the operational principle of the converter, a theoretical analysis and design guidelines.A1.2-kW prototype of the converter has been built, and simulation results are provided to verify the theoretical analysis.
II. PROPOSED TOPOLOGY
The interleaved boost converter consists of two single-phase boost converters connected in parallel. The two PWM signal difference is 180◦ when each switch is controlled with the interleaving method. Because each inductor current magnitude is decreased according to one per phase, we can reduce the inductor size and inductance when the input current flows through two boost inductors. The input current ripple is decreased because the input current is the sum of each current of inductor L1 and L2 .Fig. 1(a) shows the proposed single-switch type soft switching boost converter [19]. One resonant inductor, two capacitors, and two diodes are added to a conventional boost converter for soft switching using resonance. Fig. 1(b) shows the interleaved soft-switching boost converter (ISSBC) proposed in this paper. Two single-phase soft-switching boost converters are connected in parallel and then to a single output capacitor
III. OPERATING PRINCIPLE
The circuit shown in Fig.1 is the interleaved boost converter which consists of two single-phase boost converters connected in parallel and then to a single output capacitor. The two PWM signal difference is 180 degree and each switch is controlled in the interleaving method. Since each inductor current magnitude is decreased according to one per phase, the inductor size and Inductance can be reduced and also the input current ripple is decreased.
Fig 1. Interleaved Soft Switching Boost Converter
Initially, the switch is in off state and the DC output of the diode rectifier is transmitted directly to the load through L2 and D10. In this mode, the main inductor voltage becomes – (VO – VIN). Thus, the main inductor current decreases linearly. If the switch is turned on under zero-current switching because of the resonant inductor L3. As the output voltage is supplied to the resonant inductor L3, the current increases linearly. When the resonant current becomes equal to the main inductor current, the current of the output side diode D10 becomes zero. The resonant inductor L3 and the resonant capacitor C3 resonate and the voltage of C3 decreases from the output voltage VO to zero. The main inductor current iL2 flows through L3 and the switch. When the resonant capacitor voltage VC3 becomes zero, the two auxiliary diodes D5 and D6 are turned on and therefore the resonant inductor current now flows through main inductor L2 and through the two auxiliary diodes. The main inductor current increases linearly. The switch turns off under the zero-voltage condition because of the auxiliary resonant capacitor C2. The current divides it two paths. One is the L-C3 -VIN loop for which the voltage of the resonant capacitor C3 increases linearly from zero to the output voltage Vo. The other is the L3–C2–D5 loop for which the second resonance occurs. The energy stored in L3 is transferred to C3. The resonant current decreases linearly and the voltage across C2 reaches maximum. When the resonant capacitor voltage Vc3 is equal to the output voltage VO, the energy flow from L3 to C2 is completed and the resonant current iL3 becomes zero. Then, the voltage of C2 decreases, continuously resonates on the D6–C2–L3 –D10–C6 loop and the energy is transferred from C2 to L3 . When the Vc2 becomes zero, the resonant current reverses its direction. When the voltage of C2 becomes zero, the antiparallel diode of the switch turns on. And now the current flows in two paths. The main inductor current iL2 transmits energy to the output through D10 and decreases linearly. The resonant inductor current iL3 also transmits energy to the load through D10 and flows through the antiparallel diode of the switch.
IV.SIMULATION RESULTS
Simulink model of Interleaved boost converter fed DC Drive is shown in Fig 2a.A separately excited DC motor is connected at the output of interleaved boost converter. Scopes are connected to measure the input voltage and speed of the drive system.AC input voltage is shown in Fig 2b.Speed response is shown in Fig 2c.The speed increases and settles at 1400 RPM.A step change in input voltage is applied at t=1.5 sec.The speed of the motor increases due to the increase in the applied voltage.
Open loop controlled interleaved soft- switching boost converter fed DC drive is shown in Fig 3.1.The peak value of AC input voltage is 220V.External disturbance is given to AC input through the subsystem. The speed can be varied over a wide range by varying the duty cycle.
Closed loop system is shown in Fig 3.1(b).The speed is sensed and it is compared with the reference speed. The difference is given to the PID controller. The output of PID is given to the comparator system. The pulse width is updated by using this closed loop system. The speed response is shown in Fig 3.1(a), Fig 3.1(b). The speed reduces and reaches steady state value due to the action of the closed loop system.
Fig 2a. Boost Converter system with C filter
Fig 2b. AC Input Voltage
Fig 2c. Motor Speed
Fig 3.1 Open loop system
Fig 3.1(a) Speed Response
Fig 3.1b. Closed Loop system
Fig 3.1c. Response of closed loop system
V. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS:
Fig 4.1 shows the experimental set up of Inter leaved soft switching boost converter system. Fig 4.1(a) shows the output voltage of diode bridge rectifier. Fig 4.1(b) and 4.1(c) shows the driving pulses for the switches and Fig 4.1(d) shows the output voltage. The hardware of interleaved boost converter system is fabricated. The hardware consists of power board and control board. The hardware is tested with motor load.
Fig 4.1.Experimental setup
Time, ms
Fig 4.1(a).Output Voltage of Rectifier
Time, ms
Fig 4.1(b).Switching pulse for M1
Scale :
X – axis : 1cm = 5ms
Y – axis : 1cm = 5V
Time, ms
Fig 4.1(c).Switching pulse for M2
Time, ms
Fig 4.1(d).Output Voltage
Scale :
X – axis : 1cm = ms
Y – axis : 1cm = V
VI.CONCLUSION
In this paper, soft-switched interleaved boost converter is proposed for the control of PMDC motor. Circuit was modeled using the blocks of simulink and simulation is performed. The efficiency of the proposed drive system is improved since it uses soft switching technique. The torque ripple is reduced since the two cell converter produces output with less ripple.
Open loop and closed loop systems are simulated and the speed is regulated by using closed loop system. The contribution of this work is the development of simulink model for closed loop controlled PMDC motor system.
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Received on 25.02.2013 Accepted on 26.03.2013
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Research J. Engineering and Tech. 4(2): April-June, 2013 page 62-65